The Effects Of Bullying On High School Students Academic...

The Impact of Bullying in Schools Bullying has been a long existing problem in schools and unfortunately it still is today. â€Å"20% of U.S. students in grades 9–12 experienced bullying† (Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance — United States, 2013, 2014). Olweus (1996) stated, bullying is when â€Å"a student is exposed, repeatedly and over time, to negative actions on the part of one or more other students† (p. 275). The results of bullying can lead to a lot of negative problems in a student mentally, physically, emotionally, socially, and academically. While all these negative effects are important to notice and take care of, this essay is going to be on how bullying negatively affects high school students’ academic performance. Bullying in high schools should be taken care of head-on by educators and be known to students that they can and that it is okay to seek help. Bullying can be done in many ways and occur anywhere. It can occur on school grounds whether it is in the classroom, on the way to school, or even from home. Bullying can be done in many ways: verbally, physically, and electronically where the bullying takes place online, through text messages, or on social media. 19.6% of high school students in the US report being bullied at school in the past year. 14.8% reported being bullied online. (Center for Disease Control, 2014). 90% of teens who report being cyberbullied have also been bullied offline. (â€Å"Seven Fears and the Science of How Mobile Technologies May BeShow MoreRelatedThe Relationship Between Bullying And The Results Of Those Students Academic Performance976 Words   |  4 PagesFor Journal #3 I wanted to examine the relationship between bullying and the results of those students’ academic performance from another source. For this Journal I wanted to see how parental involvement affects students that are bullied and how will it affect their academic performance. The journal that I chose to read is â€Å"Parental school involv ement as a moderator of the association between peer victimization and academic performance†written by Paula J. Fite, John L. Cooley, Anne Williford, AndrewRead MoreDoes Bullying Affect A Child s Academic Achievement / Performance? Essay1746 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction DON’T FORGET TO CITE PROPERLY Title: How and why does bullying in primary school affect a child’s academic achievement/performance? Change from primary school to primary and middle school Abstract: Introduction: (is this the correct way of doing it) The research question for this paper is â€Å"How and why does bullying in primary school affect a child’s academic achievement/performance†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦um†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦................... Bullying is said to occur when a child is the target of any behaviourRead MoreThe Psychological Implications Of Bullying Essay1189 Words   |  5 Pagesdecade, bullying has quickly become a serious problem in schools worldwide. From the United States to China, bullying has become a disease that has spread throughout the education system. From Primary to the Secondary level, bullying has turned teenagers into afraid, uncertain, worried, and depressed young individuals. In 2012, one in three Canadian students reported that they had experienced bullying in their life (Government of Canada, 2012). In the United States, one in four high school studentsRead MoreThe Enforcement Of A Uniform Code1433 Words   |  6 PagesUniversity undergraduate student. I believe that the enforcement of a uniform code in every school is vital to protect students from the detrimental effects associated with bullying. Imposition of a uniform code would enhance school pride, unity, and community spirit, imp rove academic performance, and most importantly, decrease student bullying. According to the Journal of School Health, 71% of students report incidents of bullying as a problem at their school (â€Å"11 facts†). Bullying is widespread epidemicRead MoreSelf-Esteem And Self Esteem950 Words   |  4 Pageswho they are as a person. Bullied students’ self-esteem can be threatened when confronted with another student that’s bullying them. Students that are being bullied tend to have low self-esteem about who they are as an individual (Raskauskas, Rubiano, Offen, Wayland, 2015). This is a time where students tend to lack confidence in who they are which will cause them to have a negative outlook as it pertains to being bullied and other aspects in the school. Students tend to feel as if they have noRead MorePersuasive Essay On Bullying In Schools1428 Words   |  6 PagesBullying in Schools Bullying, particularly within the schools, has been a significant concern since the 1990s widespread school violence. Bullying refers to deliberate individual actions to cause and repeat harm others while those being bullied are powerless in their defense. As a result, bullying in the school undermines positive relationships among students as well as academic performances. From this perspective, understanding the causes and reasons for bullying is critical in the implementationRead MoreThe Effects Of Bullying On Academic Achievement1468 Words   |  6 Pagesresearchers’ hypotheses were, that the victims of bullying in 10th grade will have lower achievement in 12th grade regardless of their race/ethnic background and that high-achieving black and Latino students, as indicated by 9th-grade GPA, will be more vulnerable to bullying. In contrast they expect that low-achieving Asian students, as indicated by 9th grade GPA, will be especially susceptible to bullying. Their main foc us was to examine how bullying affects academic achievement. After conducting their researchRead MoreThe Effects Of Bullying In Schools1136 Words   |  5 PagesWhile the definition of bullying is disputable, it can be widely understood as repeated aggressive behaviours towards an individual(s) with the intention of physical, mental or emotional harm for one’s own personal gain (Spears et el 2008, p. 6). Bullying has long and short-term effects on an individual such as alienation, engagement in violence, decline in attendance and academic performance and a higher chance of developing a mental illness (Spears et el 2008, p. 8). Recent research indicates that’sRead MorePeer Victimization And Academic Performance1550 Words   |  7 Pagesvictimization and academic performances to improve teacher-student relationships. The proposal provides experiences of peers, teachers, and counselors giving intervention to understand the behaviors of peers and lack of poor academic pe rformances. The proposal demonstrates the modifications, behaviors, and attention among genders to explain the internalized and externalize problems. Peer victimization appears in early ages to adolescences. Early indications state peer victimization affects the student qualityRead MoreSafety And School Climate ( Tiered System Of Supports ; Differentiated Instruction932 Words   |  4 PagesSafety and School Climate (Tiered System of Supports; Differentiated Instruction; Physical Environment; Physical Well-being; Social/Emotional Health; Family and Community Engagement) School Climate: Educators have increasingly recognized the crucial role that school climate plays in building effective learning environments. In the United States and around the world, there is a growing investment in school climate reform as a data-driven improvement strategy for K-12 schools. The National School Climate

An Only Child At The Age Of Four - 1257 Words

As an only child at the age of four, I found myself creating people to play with. The only problem was they weren t exactly real people. They were imaginary friends that I spent my childhood with. We played barbies, built forts, and enjoyed all of the little quirks of my younger years together. However, as I grew older I found that the imaginary people I made up and played with, didn t fill that void of friendship I was looking for. We are social beings by nature and rely immensely on socialization. Whether we are four or forty that urgency is still there. Human beings rely on each other for companionship. It doesn t exactly matter if it s romantic or casual, as long as the socialization is there, it satisfies the need. My definition†¦show more content†¦There is a time for silence. A time to let go and allow people to hurl themselves into their own destiny. And a time to prepare to pick up the pieces when it s all over.† I couldn t of said it better myself, if keeping a good friendship was easy, what would be the point? There is always a give and a take to anything in life. This concept of time is true with any type of relationship. For example, a worthwhile romantic relationship won t last if you don t devote your time and effort into it. Friendship is no exception, your time into any relationship will reciprocate what you put into it. As I grow up and mature, I ve learned what values are important to me in a friendship. My standards have changed over the years as I realized peoples true intentions. In my short 25 years, I have seen more friends come and go than most. Essentially, it started when my parents sent me to a private high school where I didn t know a soul. Adjusting quickly, my ideal friendship consisted of an over dramatic hello in the hallway from my best friend of the week. She would then pass me a note about her plan on how we would sneak alcohol from our parents and get drunk that weekend. I was a people pleaser and stayed frien ds with every type of person. Impressing people was my number one goal. Whether they were fake friends or annoying ones, I didn t care. My standards were nonexistent, as were my morals. Fast forward seven years, and the friends I went to high school with

Weak People in the Bible Free Essays

Regard For Those Who Are Weaker In Society Written in Torah are lessons and stories about how God created Earth, animals, plants, day and night, the sun, and also how God created man to dominate over all living things. Within Torah is a story of Abram and his relationship with God. Abram or Abraham had a covenant with God. We will write a custom essay sample on Weak People in the Bible or any similar topic only for you Order Now God promised to bless the nation and Abraham. Abraham had no rules or law to follow he simply had to have faith in God and believe in him. God said to Abraham â€Å"†¦ You shall be the ancestor of nations. No longer shall your name be Abram but your name shall be Abraham; for I have made you the ancestor of nations. I will make you exceedingly fruitful; and I will make nations of you, and kings shall come from you. I will establish my covenant between me and you, and your offspring after you throughout their generations, for an everlasting covenant, to be God to you and to your offspring after you. And I will give to you, and to your offspring after you, all the land of Canaan, for a perpetual holding; and I will be their God† (Genesis 17:4-8). The covenant between Abraham and God said that Abraham was blessed and so his descendants shall be blessed, so they were. Moses, one of Abraham’s descendants, was spoken to by God and he was told to go into Egypt and rescue the Israelites from slavery. Moses did what God had asked of him and rescued the Israelites; they were weak, poor and in bad shape. God had mercy on them and he heard their cries and helped. He made another covenant and this time it was a bit different. He promised to make the Israelite his treasured people if they would agree to follow and keep his commandments. This was good for the Israelites because they came from a place where times were hard and God saved them and made them his people. Torah instructs the Israelites to follow the laws given to them through the covenant between themselves and God. Morally the Israelites are to treat others as they would like to be treated. They were once slaves to the Egyptians and treated very poorly. The Israelites should have mercy on others less privileged because God had mercy on them. When Moses was leading the Israelites out of Egypt they were not completely grateful. They complained to Moses. The Israelites said â€Å"If only we had died by the land of Egypt, when we sat by the fleshpots and ate our fill of bread; for you have brought us out into this wilderness to kill this whole assembly with hunger† (Exodus 16:3). With the complaints and cries from the Israelites, God sent them bread to eat and gave them only one rule. They were not to take more than a day’s worth of bread at a time. Even though God gave the Israelites laws he still had mercy on them and helped them when they cried out. The laws were a test of faith and trueness between God and the Israelites. God helps those in need, when they are really in need of help. Since the Torah is written to the Israelites it should be read as a lesson and the lessons should be taken into consideration to the readers. There are many commandments that the Israelites are instructed to follow. A lot of them have to do with regard for those who are weaker in society. Just like God had mercy on the Israelites, the Israelites should have mercy on others because they once were the weaker persons in society. How to cite Weak People in the Bible, Essays

Winston Churchill Literary Devices free essay sample

Winston Churchill is known to be an excellent speaker. His speeches to the people in times of need were always inspiring, while simply delivered in a way that made them perfectly understandable to every person. In his speech The Defense of Freedom and Peace at the beginning of World War II, Churchill is very persuasive and uses simple yet illustrative literary devices and diction to inspire, convince, and persuade the British people to prepare for war and the American people to join Englands worthy cause. Each literary device that Churchill uses enhances his message, adding to the beauty, and importance of the cause. During Churchills speech The Defense of Freedom and Peace, he decorates his message with literary devices such as allusion, rhetorical question, and imagery. Perhaps one of the most emotional of literary devices, Winston Churchill makes good use of the allusion. Not only does it show his intelligence, but also it gives his audience an idea of his true meaning. We will write a custom essay sample on Winston Churchill Literary Devices or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The first time he states, the American people can wash their hands of the whole business. This allusion is to the story of Pontius Pilate and Jesus, how the Prefect Pilate washed his hands in a basin of water as a physical sign that he was going to have nothing to do with Jesus fate. This instance brings to mind stories of brutal death and betrayal, which add to the emotion felt by the audience. Another device that Churchill makes excellent use of in this speech is the rhetorical question. When he uses this device, the questions cause his audience to think about the answer, which leads the people to consider more thoroughly what the consequences are. Has any benefit or progress ever been achieved by the human race by submission to organized and calculated violence? asks Churchill. Of course, he is not searching for an answer but for comprehension from his audience. In this question, he is asking the people to remember a time in history that any benefit came from succumbing to violence. If his audience could think of an instance where there was benefit, then Churchills argument would not be as strong. However, no one remembers progress and good that ever was the product of submission to brute force. In the last paragraph of his speech, Churchill asks of the people, Is this a call to war? Does anyone pretend that preparation for resistance to aggression is unleashing war? (Churchill). Here he asks if his audience believes he is calling them to war. Is calling America and Britain to arm in defense against Hitler asking them to fight? No, Winston Churchill is not asking these countries to go to war, but instead he asks them to defend themselves and their allies against the threat of the Nazis. Hence, his question about unleashing war is asking his audience to remember that they are not attacking Hitler, only preparing to fend him off. In The Defence of Freedom and Peace there are many more rhetorical questions, each, like the two above, inciting thought, understanding, and agreement from listeners. Churchill also makes admirable use of imagery in this speech. Actually, one might make the conjecture that Winston Churchills use of this rhetorical device is to frighten his audience. For an example, the speaker makes the statement, It [Czechoslovakia] is now being digested (Churchill). What a frightening image! The Nazi force has devoured and is digesting that country, absorbing the land and the people into the German rule. It creates an image of a formidable beast that has eaten the small country, which will soon be completely gone. Indeed, this statement displays how the Nazi forces are really starving for power, devouring whatever they can. Later in his speech, Churchill says It is not a new theme; it leaps out upon us from the Dark Ages (Churchill). Referring to the racial persecution, religious intolerance, deprivation of free speech, the conception of the citizen as a mere soulless fraction of the State, the mention of the Dark Ages reminds the audience of that time when life and government were poor, overrun with tyranny and confusion. Such a memory causes the people to become frightened that times may take a turn for the worst again, returning to those years of pain and no new ideas. Among all of the famous orators in history, one man who deserves to be remembered well is Sir Winston Churchill. His excellent use of rhetorical devices in his speeches, especially in The Defense of Freedom and Peace, is inspiring and thought-stimulating to his audience. Whether using the rhetorical question or the allusion or some other device, Churchill employs it in ways that are persuasive and relatable. His speech is plain in that no unnecessarily large or obscure words are used, but his uses of literary devices add beauty and elegance to the message Churchill is attempting to relay. Yet his use of rhetoric is strong, calling forth great emotions and resolves to see Hitler destroyed like Actaeon and to resist digestion by the Nazi beast that seized and devoured Czechoslovakia. It is, in fact, Churchills brilliant employment of rhetorical devices that make his speeches inspiring and worth remembering years after the memorable mans death.

Research Proposal on Unemployment Essay Example

Research Proposal on Unemployment Essay Unemployment is the condition which is characterized with the incapability of an individual to find a job of any kind. The problem of unemployment is becoming more and more serious with every new year, because the population constantly rises and the employers can not create enough workplaces to satisfy the needs of everyone. Unemployment depends on the range of factors. First of all, it is the number of people, who need work, then, the policy of the country aimed at the provision its citizens with workplaces and finally, the level of education and skills of the unemployed. The last factor is very important nowadays, because there are always popular professions and young people decide to study at colleges and universities and become economists, lawyers, managers, etc. but it is obvious that these professions are not in need any more. There are so many qualified lawyers and economists, that the country and the whole world does not require them in such amounts. On the other hand, such professions as engineers, carpenters, plumbers, etc. are in great need, because today young people are very ambitious and do not want to master manual work. The decisions of the governments are very similar. Manual professions are awarded with the same and even higher salaries than the intellectual work of teachers and lawyers to encourage young people go in for manual professions. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Unemployment specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Unemployment specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Unemployment specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Unemployment has always existed in the human society and the problem fairly can not be solved. This problem is extremely actual in such countries as Pakistan, Ghana, Nigeria, India, Kenya etc. The only thing which can be done by the government is the reduction of the rate of unemployment to some small percent. A well-analyzed research proposal should be logically-structured, interesting and informative. One should investigate the problem profoundly to realize the meaning of unemployment, its cause and effect, types, factors which influence the phenomenon, the geography of unemployment, etc. When one writes a research proposal, he is supposed to possess clever ideas which can be wise enough to be able to defeat the problem of unemployment. One should prepare a brief paper which explains the importance of the problem and contains effective solutions to it. It does not worth mentioning that every research proposal is a difficult assignment for students, because it is not quite easy to prepare an interesting convincing paper which can persuade the readers in the importance of the problem under research. In order to see how to compose a successful paper correctly, a free example research proposal on unemployment problem will be useful for every inexperienced student. When he takes advantage of a free sample research proposal in Kenya, he will be aware of the standards and rules of proper paper writing, the styles, formats and manner of presentation of the information. *** ATTENTION! Free sample research proposals and research paper examples on Unemployment are 100% plagiarized!!! At EssayLib.com writing service you can order a custom research proposal on Unemployment topics. Your research paper proposal will be written from scratch. We hire top-rated Ph.D. and Master’s writers only to provide students with professional research proposal help at affordable rates. Each customer will get a non-plagiarized paper with timely delivery. Just visit our website and fill in the order form with all proposal details:

Pirates, Privateers, Buccaneers, and Corsairs

Pirates, Privateers, Buccaneers, and Corsairs Pirate, privateer, corsair, buccaneer: All of these words can refer to a person who engages in high-seas thievery, but whats the difference? Heres a handy reference guide to clear things up. Pirates Pirates are men and women who attack ships or coastal towns in an attempt to rob them or capture prisoners for ransom. Essentially, they are thieves with a boat. Pirates do not discriminate when it comes to their victims. Any nationality is fair game. They do not have the (overt) support of any legitimate nation and generally are outlaws wherever they go. Because of the nature of their trade, pirates tend to use violence and intimidation more than regular thieves. Forget about the romantic pirates of the movies: pirates were (and are) ruthless men and women driven to piracy by need. Famous historical pirates include Blackbeard, Black Bart Roberts, Anne Bonny, and Mary Read. Privateers Privateers were men and ships in the semi-employ of a nation which was at war. Privateers were private ships encouraged to attack enemy ships, ports and interests. They had the official sanction and protection of the sponsoring nation and had to share a portion of the plunder. One of the most famous privateers was Captain Henry Morgan, who fought for England against Spain in the 1660s and 1670s. With a privateering commission, Morgan sacked several Spanish towns, including Portobello and Panama City. He shared his plunder with England and lived out his days in honor in Port Royal. A privateer like Morgan would never have attacked ships or ports belonging to another nation besides the one on his commission and would never have attacked any English interests under any circumstances. This is primarily what differentiates privateers from pirates. Buccaneers The Buccaneers were a specific group of privateers and pirates who were active in the late 1600s. The word comes from the French boucan, which was smoked meat made by hunters on Hispaniola out of the wild pigs and cattle there. These men set up a business of selling their smoked meat to passing ships  but soon realized that there was more money to be made in piracy. They were rugged, tough men who could survive hard conditions and shoot well with their rifles, and they soon became adept at waylaying passing ships. They became greatly in demand for French and English privateer ships, then fighting the Spanish. Buccaneers generally attacked towns from the sea and rarely engaged in open-water piracy. Many of the men who fought alongside Captain Henry Morgan were buccaneers. By 1700 or so their way of life was dying out and before long they were gone as a socio-ethnic group. Corsairs Corsair is a word in English applied to foreign privateers, generally either Muslim or French. The Barbary pirates, Muslims who terrorized the Mediterranean from the 14th until the 19th centuries, were often referred to as corsairs because they did not attack Muslim ships and often sold prisoners into slavery. During the Golden Age of Piracy, French privateers were referred to as corsairs. It was a very negative term in English at the time. In 1668, Henry Morgan was deeply offended when a Spanish official called him a corsair (of course, he had just sacked the city of Portobello and was demanding a ransom for not burning it to the ground, so maybe the Spanish were offended, too). Sources: Cawthorne, Nigel. A History of Pirates: Blood and Thunder on the High Seas. Edison: Chartwell Books, 2005.Cordingly, David. New York: Random House Trade Paperbacks, 1996Defoe, Daniel. (Captain Charles Johnson) A General History of the Pyrates. Edited by Manuel Schonhorn. Mineola: Dover Publications, 1972/1999.Earle, Peter. New York: St. Martins Press, 1981.Konstam, Angus. The World Atlas of Pirates. Guilford: the Lyons Press, 2009

World History. The age of discovery and industrialization Essay

World History. The age of discovery and industrialization - Essay Example The resultant of this exploration was the Columbian exchange which was characterized by exchange of animals, cultural integration and the slave trade between Americans and Afro-Eurasians. As the Europeans explored the coastal shores of Africa and Asia, they took Africans as slave servants in their country. In brief, the discovery age, was a period that the Western countries venture into new territories which led to the discovery of new lands, cultures and economic activities. Another phase of western development was marked by a period of cultural development I the European culture. One of the features of this period was the invention of the printing press, which formed a transition from the early age of script writing to printing. The impact of this transition was that a new avenue to edit and author new books including the bible was developed. Protestant churches came into being after splitting of Catholicism and the people now had an option to form new denominations without being r estricted into a single religious domain. With the availability of printing media, scientific facts were documented and the 17th century became an era of scientific revolution in World History. Another turning point of the world history is the establishment of political set ups that started in the 17th century in western countries. During this period, absolute monarchies ruled by kings came into existence in France and this culture became widespread in the German and in the central Europe. This kind of culture accorded a lot of power to the king and he became the absolute ruler with the responsibility of guarding the welfare of the people. In the eighteenth century, the Russian empire came into being after the Peter 1 introduced autocracy and later adopted the European governing system. The spread of well-defined political structures of European countries to other countries marked a new beginning in the history of the world. Early Modern Period as a period of great economic exchange but not great cultural change The early modern period is perceived more of a period of economic exchange rather than a time of cultural integration. Economic exchange refers to the exchange of valuables and goods across the territory that was common during the middle of the discovery age. During the discovery period, the western countries set out to find new markets where they could obtain spice goods such as coffee and tea and in the long run discovered productive lands and rich coastal shores where business was suitable. In addition, they engaged in the slave trade to acquire a free source of labor in their field in the effort of maximizing their profits. The period of cultural exchange refers to the post-discovery age when the western countries had already started to settle in foreign lands and there was need to learn new cultures to enhance business and communication. The start of the monarch was the beginning of cultural integration in which most countries decided started the culture of kingship that originated in the central Europe. In the better part of the discovery age, the communities engaged with little exchange of cultural values, but later cultural influence was impacted due to the enhanced interaction as the business grew stronger in these foreign lands. For instance, the formation of the Kiswahili language in Kenya coasts was meant to facilitate business between the Bantu and Arabs and Portuguese. There is a significant difference between cultural exchange and economic exchange as relates to the historical development of the world. While economic exchange refers to the material trade between different cultures, cultural exchange

Medical Marijuana Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Medical Marijuana - Essay Example The medical use of marijuana by human beings was first time registered in the Chinese pharmacopoeia in 2727 BC. It was allowed to usage in the U.S until the federal government prohibited it by the Marijuana Tax Act of 1937. In the 1970th The Controlled Substance Act established five categories of schedules depending on the danger of the drug. Marijuana was put in the 1st Schedule, to the drugs with the high potential for abuse. It was said to be a drug with "no currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States." (Mathre, 1997) Humans have been using marijuana for thousands of years already as an antidepressant, a pain killer, a medicine against the nausea, and just for fun. Despite of the fact that cannabis was forbidden in the U.S in thirtieth, people have been smoking till the present moment. Of course, all of that enormous market is illegal now; the government doesn't get a cent from this business. Those, who use cannabis are under the threat of being caught and accused of drug abuse by the police, but it doesn't stop them from smoking. Doctors now say that cannabis makes less harm than nicotine does. Thus, it's obvious that marijuana should be legalized, just to let the government control its use, prevent abuse, and get taxes from those who run this business. Cannabis is considered to occupy the fourth place in the list of drugs most often used in the U.S and Europe, outrun only by alcohol, caffeine and nicotine. Thus, cannabis is mostly seen as a recreational drug, despite of the proved medical efficiency it has. Scientists prove that in discussions of the use of cannabis one of the biggest problems over the past few years has been the difficulty in separating the debate on the recreational use from that on the therapeutic use. (Groman, 1997). This is one of the main reasons for which the debates led on the medical use of cannabis in the U.S are so severe. Numerous opinions exist about the effect of cannabis on human's health, and about the consequences of its legalization. The supporters of marijuana legalization for medical purposes prove that it helps to reduce unwanted symptoms of migraines, glaucoma, AIDS, depression and many other conditions. In the same time, the opponents point that marijuana is suspected to cause mental illnesses and induce addiction. Nevertheless, numerous researches exist that prove the effectiveness of using cannabis for treating the illnesses listed. Smoking marijuana really relives the symptoms of various conditions, including even the nausea in pregnant woman. (Mathre, 1997). It's obvious that lots of people still buy marijuana to relieve the symptoms of their diseases despite of the existing laws. So, it would be logical to legalize cannabis for medical purposes, as it's helpful and people still use it regardless of the fact it's forbidden. Let's also recall that cannabis is one of the leaders of the list of drugs used by Americans. The current research displayed, that 70 millions of Americans have tried marijuana (Dale, 2004). So it would be unfair to refuse the sick people the thing that healthy ones use frequently. The supporters of legalization of

Martin Luther King Jr.'s speech 2 Research Paper

Martin Luther King Jr.'s speech 2 - Research Paper Example Knowing these accomplishments of Martin Luther King, I was awed by him more especially when I knew that he was a pious man, being a Christian pastor. Further research however revealed that Martin Luther King is also a man just like everyone else except of course that he has lofty ideals. The speech â€Å"I Have a Dream† whom we consider as a masterpiece was even written with uncertainty for two reasons; first, King was advised by his aides not to use it anymore because he had been delivering it and it may sound like a cliche. Second, it was not a prepared speech but was only written the night before and up to the delivery of the speech, it underwent rigorous editing that its delivery may have been the first that the final version was completed. These information were of course not immediately associated with the speech of King but it was a good idea that Martin Luther King is also man, subject to its own insecurities but managed to overcome it by his lofty ideals that is rever ed by generations after him. I. Picture and description of historical event (Source: Historywired) This is a picture Martin Luther King delivering the legendary â€Å"I have a dream speech† from the steps of Lincoln Memorial during the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom on August 28, 1963. Looking at the picture alone, it looked like everything went perfect for the organizers of the march as well as the crowd. King was on a stage delivering his speech as intended while the audiences as shown in the background were intently listening as expected. The outcome was so successful that we are tempted to think that there were no issues during the preparation of this speech. Until of course when we dig deeper that we realize that such event was just like any other event where the organizers were jittery and unsure of what will be the outcome. For instance, attempting to stage a march of a projected number of 100,000 people (around 250,000 showed up) is unprecedented and they we re not sure if they can reach that number (Younge). Just when we thought that the â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech itself was a perfectly prepared speech as depicted in the picture that was customized for the occasion, it was actually the opposite. Readers may be blown away with the fact that the â€Å"I Have a Dream Speech† was nearly not delivered because Martin Luther King was discouraged by aides for delivering a speech that has that theme cautioning him that it may already be an overuse and already a cliche. Younge narrated that â€Å"the night before the March on Washington, on 28 August 1963, Martin Luther King asked his aides for advice about the next day's speech. "Don't use the lines about 'I have a dream', his adviser Wyatt Walker told him. "It's trite, it's cliche. You've used it too many times already." This meant that up to the last moment of the march, King did not even have a speech yet. The night before when his aide checked him in his room, he was still writing it and the paper had many erasures. Even the final speech itself had many corrections indicating that up to the last moment, King had been editing his speech and the delivered speech may be the first recitation of the repeatedly edited speech. This apparent cramming in preparation of the speech was

Ethical Dimension In Strategic Hrm Commerce Essay

Ethical Dimension In Strategic Hrm Commerce Essay Ethical management can be defined as process of setting managerial goals of an organization through planning, organizing, leading and controlling the performance of the resource and members in an organization, and realizing the organization achievement and moral objectives effectively and efficiently through the should concept of enterprise management. The goals are to achieve the moral extent in organizational institutionalization by a certain managerial measures. Ethical management has been the trend of advanced human resource management. One of the essential themes of modern management is carrying forward and returning of humanistic spirit. The management mode of human resource under traditional economic man hypothesis does not fit in the reality in modern strategic human resource management. The human capital, based on the knowledge and skills, turns to be the base stones constitutes the core competence for the enterprise facing fiercely changing market environment in the knowled ge economic times. In the thesis, development history of ethical dimensions in strategic human resource management would be presented firstly, then why ethical management plays an important role in the strategic human resources management would be discussed. Meanwhile, the realistic significance of the ethical considerations in the strategic human resource management is explained by examples in organization. The examples focus on two activities of strategic human resource management, which are gender stereotype in recruitment and performance evaluation. Their relationships with the strategic human resource management are discussed in the following part. Seen from the quantity perspective, it is easily concluded that there are large number of theses or books illustrating strategic human resource management. Meanwhile, commercial ethical has also been discussed in many books and theses, focusing on the enterprise ethical institunalization. However, only a few of the books and theses will concentrate its main content on the ethical dimension in strategic human resource management, which is the overlapping part of the two issues. It can be concluded that ethical problems usually arise almost continually in human resource management. Human resources can be seen as people, and when people suffer a certain harm or loss for which they are not themselves responsible or they should not bear, as in a plant closing or corporate re-structuring, then ethical issues is needed to be taken into consideration in addition to the more common financial, legal, and behavioral forms of reasoning. Ethical considerations involves an evaluation of the impacts of the proposed managerial action upon the members of the organization and the members of the society, usually employees and workers as we discuss, and then justification of those impacts according to some defined principles or essential values of normative philosophy. None of these defined principles or essential values are adequate by themselves to justify a decision in an ethical dilemma, but taken together they do help in arriving at a decision that can be considered to be right and proper and ju st. The connection between the strategic human resource management and ethical considerations is close, which needs our discussion. Ethical considerations in strategic HRM Companied by the time going on and change in concept of enterprise, the cognition of people has ranged from economic man, social man, complex man, self-realization man, a series of new concepts in human resource management has been proposed. The concept has been penetrating to the managerial field accompanied by the management moralizing (Gary, 2002). More and more enterprise ethics are concerned and it has turned to be a popular trend. Among many resources constitute an organization, human resource has showed its importance in the development of an enterprise (Ceawley and Sinclair, 1994).To welcome the challenge occurred in the fierce competition and promote the development in long time, people first and human-based management should be the top concern in strategic planning. It has stirred great academic concern that strategic human resource management has an ethical dimension in which moral principles concerning acceptable and unacceptable behavior. Executives are supposed to maintain a high sense of values and conduct honest and fair practices with the employees. How to promote the value realization of human capital becomes an issue needs problem solving in modern human resource management. The ethic management meets the moral needs of human resource and satisfies their emotional demand.  ¼Ã‹â€ Teo and Warters, 2002) Meanwhile, the improvement in related laws and regulations has promoted the public prospect in the enterprise performance, which has exerted great influence on the management mode of human resource in a certain enterprise. Entrepreneurs morality can have a philosophical dimension. The enterprise is managed and controlled by human resource while human resource is the soul of an enterprise. The one who established the enterprise and the successors tend to reconsider and investigate the existing value of enterprise, which leads to the demand for ethic management in the strategic planning, especially in human resource management. As an entity for service or production in the whole society, the enterprise pursues profit and plays a role as platform for mutual development of both the employers and the employees. Working, from the advanced view, is not only a way for existence, but also a shortcut for healthy development and self-value realizing for individuals. Most employees desire for respectful, equally-treated and humane management mode. Once satisfied, it can promote the human capital into great play. The fiercer the human resource competition becomes, the fewer differences lies in ways for enterprise to attract human capital. So high salary and welfare benefits, high position and rights, ethical management in strategic human resource management, unusual enterprise culture atmosphere will lead to a bright prospect and image of an enterprise in the mind of a potential human resource. Among the factors influence the employer-employee relationships, working environment plays an essential role in attracting, maintaining and promoting the employees professional dedication. The enterprise should put human resource management as top priority to cultivate the culture atmosphere, so the ethical management in strategic human resource management can be a source for enterprise to gain competitive advantage (Wilson, 2005). The ethics has its special management functions for it offers a code to distinguish the good from the bad. The ethical code arises from the accumulation in daily life and roots in the mind of human resource. It defines the conduct boundary of the employees, then the rational anticipation forms between the enterprise and the employees (Starkey and McKinley, 1993). The conflict in profit and violation of laws and regulations, hitchhiking, opportunisms can be refrained to a certain extent. While cutting the operation cost, the managerial efficiency is promoted. Meanwhile, ethical managerial environment can inspire the employee to work more enthusiastically. More and more managers realize that most human capital will perform better in a enterprise full of trust, responsibility and ambition. The environment will be based on the value concept of trust, honesty, air and respect (Wen-Rong and Ben, 1996) A large area of human relations management is concerned with various ethical issues, both on the part of upper-level management in its business decisions and lower-level management in the treatment of individual employees. Philosophic decisions on the relocation of areas of production or entire plants can have a major impact on the company but also can be devastating to individual employees and the communities in which they live. Management decisions must be made honestly taking all factors into consideration, including social responsibility as well as stockholder concerns. On a lower level, supervisors must treat those they supervise fairly in matters of promotion and compensation (Kaufman, 2008). Relations between Strategic HRM and Gender Stereotype in Recruitment For many women, negative gender stereotypes can a huge barrier in their path for career development, especially in recruitment process. Companied by the further and detailed research in gender, it is a common conclusion that the gender stereotype is not only a psychological issue, but also an issue with ethical considerations (Boudreau, 2008). The discriminative gender stereotype, develops from the level of psychology to the level of ethics, it can penetrate to all the social activities by taking a role as peoples behavior codes. With all the development, the cognitive model can not be easily erased. The gender stereotype in recruitment is effects of the combined action of both strategic human resource management and ethical issues. It can be seen from the following perspectives. Firstly, the gender stereotype has a distinctive ethical trend. From the ethical development of the society, it can be easily seen that the mainstream moral outlook has internal connections with the gender stereotype (Warner, 2009). Slave owner class owns all the capital goods and slaves. When the enslavement comes into gender, women always are the accessories of men. Things go the same story in other societies; even now we can see the gender stereotype in strategic human resource management, especially in the process of recruitment. Secondly, the mindset of gender stereotype can be protective for the Patriarchal hierarchy. The stereotype has strong psychological hint and ethical bondage. Finally, the gender stereotype will hinder the gender ethics constructions (Taplin, 2008). Conflicts and disharmonies arise due to the deep-rooted gender disparity in ethical level. The issue of the gender stereotype in recruitment has received considerable attention in the field of management. A current study focuses on the female National Health Service nurses in the United Kingdom. Examining the recruitment experience of qualified female National Health Service nurses, the study finds that the gender stereotype is a important factor in womens career development. The nursing career in many countries such as United Kingdom, are usually been concluded as a chronic problem in employment and recruitment. For most people, they believe that nursing is field dominated by women. It is true, but unfortunately, it is easily to be overlooked or forgotten that female career development disadvantage even in the female dominated occupations. That is the reason why this thesis will adopt the nurses as representative of womens career and discuss the disadvantage in their career development, such as the recruitment process. The opportunities are usually given to those who are male while there are options between a male and female nurses who are same in other professional perspectives. Woman accounts for 92% of the nurse staff, but in higher nurse grade, the percent of male nurse is much larger while compared to their staff percentage, which is 8%. The explanation is quite easy. For most women, they will experience a special period of pregnancy, which is protected by the laws and regulations. The companies has to pay her in due time while she makes no contributions to the company. It is a lost for the companies. Meanwhile, physical agility is also taken into consideration in recruitment. Seen from perspective of ethics, how to protect the interest of women has become an important issue in the strategic human resource management. Relations between Strategic HRM and Performance Evaluation Performance evaluation is an important part in strategic human resource management. In strategic human resource management, generally ethics is treated as being relative, whether an action is moral or immoral, or right or wrong depends on the prevailing view of the particular individual human resource manager. Such view is certainly molded by the culture (Boudreau, 2008). A human resource manager may consider decisions to be ethical if all consequences are considered in the light of business needs balanced with consequences to all concerned, including the employees. In making decisions, the human resource manager should consider alternative solutions to the needs of the business as well as the effects the decisions will have on the living and well-being of the employees. Frequently a human resource manager will be given instructions from higher level management to take action which will be oppressive and unkind to the employees and the manager must either present argument to higher m anagement for alternate solutions which will have less impact on the employee morale or determine the best method for implementing the instructions from upper level. Business ought to conform to the best ethical practices, not just for principles of human dignity, but also to keep from violating federal laws. Though the laws may not be known, they would not be violated if the business were operated by ethical principles. Experience has shown that in the long term business profits will be greater for businesses that practice good ethical behavior than those which do not. One of the most challenging aspects of strategic human resource management is to maintain objectivity in the process of hiring, promotion, and compensation (Warner, 2009).For example, a male supervisor must refrain from promoting or increasing the compensation of an attractive woman who pays undue attention to him, but who consistently is late in arriving for her job and whose work is second rate. It is both reasonable and logical to assume that compensation should track performance and that ethical considerations would not be a factor in performance analysis (Carolyn, 2000). Sometimes it is difficult for a supervisor to follow it, and sometimes it is difficult to persuade an employee of its rationality. The supervisor who either recommends or has the authority to adjust compensation may be persuaded by other factors to downplay the performance of an employees production. Likewise, an employee who will be negatively impacted by measuring employee output may have a hard time understanding why lower production should produce lower income when the hours spent on the job are the same as others with higher production and higher income (Taplin, 2008). Employees evaluation generally will consist of multiple factors including such items as punctuality, attitude, appropriate apparel, personal grooming, language, neatness, congeniality, and performance output, among other things. The ev aluation process will be considerably different between service and production personnel and between general employees and professional employees. The ethical challenge arises when, after all the factors have been considered, the decision is made on a factor or factors other than those by which all the employees have been evaluated. Conclusion The human resource turns to be the base stone constitutes the core competence for the enterprise facing fiercely changing market environment in the knowledge economic times. The ethical issues are crucial in activities in strategic human resource management. Ethical management has been the trend of advanced human resource management. Ethical dimension in strategic human resource management has stirred great academic concern. The relations between the activities of strategic human resource management and ethical consideration can be concluded from the examples discussed in the thesis. The recruitment and evaluation process can be fair, open and just by taking the ethical issues into consideration. It can be seen that the communication should put ethical issues into considerations to raise the morale and cultivate a better working environment. Ethical issues have close connection with the strategic human resource management. Strategic human resource management can be improved through e thical considerations.

Deception in Shakespeares Othello Essay -- Othello William Shakespear

Deception in Shakespeare's Othello Deception, which by its definition is a bad thing and has only one level or degree, is truly not this way at all. Deception appears many times in Othello, but in almost every incident the degree of deception is different. There are only a few characters that use deception, and those characters all use different degrees of deception to get what they want in the play. Deception is almost always used through verbal language or body language because it is the easiest way to deceive a person. The reasons, or intentions, a person has for deception determines the goodness (or badness) and (or) severity of the deception. If a person deceives others with good intentions, then, in a way, the deception is partially good. However, if a person has bad reasons or intentions in deceiving others, then the deception is bad. There is also, in contrast to the definition of deception, debate over what is deception because it is always different in the eyes of different people. Although deception is always meant to deceive, the degree of deception varies upon the context of the situation. Desdemona gives one example of deception when she hides her relationship with Othello from her father. Brabantio says, â€Å"O, she deceives me Past thought!† (1.1.166) Desdemona had reasons for deceiving her father. Her reasons were very simple, because she loved her father she wanted to protect him. Desdemona knew that her father would eventually find out the truth, but she felt that by hiding her relationship with Othello she would be delaying the inevitable pain that her father was going to feel. Since Desdemona loved her father, she felt that by delaying his pain she would be doing him a service, and because Desdemona deceived her father out of love, this deception was not severe. It was however bad, because there was no way in which Desdemona could avoid hurting her father. This shows that even though Desdemona deceived her father and the outcome was bad, it w as not severe because her intentions were good hearted. Another example of the degree of deception was when Iago said to Othello, â€Å"She did deceive her father, marrying you† (111.3.205). Iago’s deception, which in appearance looks similar to Desdemona’s deception, is in fact very different. When Iago says this to Othello, he is trying to anger Othello, and place doubt in Othello’s mind. Iago’s int... ... each interpretation, Iago is able to ask this question and honestly believe that what he does is not deceitful.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Even though deception is defined as malicious, trickery, cheating, and as a sham, it is evident that deception can be good through its intentions, can have different degrees, and is open to debate because of different interpretations. Because Desdemona wanted to spare her father from pain, it was not as deceitful as when Iago lied to Othello to put doubt in his mind. Desdemona’s deception to Othello was good because she did not want to upset him when she thought that she could fix the situation without him knowing. Iago’s deception was bad however, because he tricked Othello by lying to him and wanted to hurt him. Finally, Iago was able to believe that he was not a villain because deception is open to debate because it is different to each person. Shakespeare showed how deception is far different than it’s definition in the â€Å"OXFORD ENGLISH DICTIONARY† by giving examples of deception which all differ from the standard definition. Works Cited Oxford English Dictionary. 2nd Ed. Volume 4. 1989. Shakespeare, William. Othello. New York: Penguin Books, 1968.

Case Study: Nordstrom

Answer Question 1: How else can Nordstrom continue to provide exceptional customer service and increase brand loyalty? Brands is the relationship between products and customers. It contains a collection of quality and service that customers expect. The loyalty of the customer service for brands is due to meet the expectations of customers, or even better, exceed their expectations, giving customers prefer interesting .Nordstrom , a department store in the synthesis of America ‘s most successful , with the index ranking for customer loyalty high , there are many stories about companies that are spread among customers and others . We have heard the story about the man walked into Nordstrom stores carry tires for automobiles , and demanded a refund . Nordstrom has returned the money to him . Nordstrom It is not attractive selling automobile tires .Now that is customer care . If you buy shoes at Nordstrom , and your feet are not the same number , the sellers will take a number just one side with your legs and a foot to the other to the other side of you , but only charge a shoes . If you have to buy a cashmere sweater blue but according to the ad has been sold , the sellers will certainly make suggestions to find a shirt like this or a similar store competitors competition and will send it to you .Nordstrom has been particularly successful in completing strategic customer service , customer is a centric approach and attentive customer care . The consistent , customer is a centric with innovative thinking has helped to speed up development Nordstrom and stayed for more than a century, after many turbulent economy . Beside, to build brand value, Nordstrom to ensure customer loyalty through brand awareness and ensure it meets the needs , wants of customers . Enhance product awareness , increasing the perceived quality .Enhance perceived value and enhance consumer experience of our customers. Considerate service, return policy surrender unconditionally, email reg imes that include photos of new products for our valued clients and thank you card after purchase are factors to help retailers are not too worry about the price and competition. Nordstrom never focused on the company or its employees, All energy of Nordstrom is put on both the customer, and that is the secret to success of them.

The Lion King Summary essays

The Lion King Summary essays The film I decided to summarize is The Lion King by Walt Disney. It is an animated film as are all Disney movies. The movie opens with the themes song The Circle Of Life playing as the camera show Mufasa, king of the lions holding his newborn son Simba. The whole community of animals is here at Pride Rock to witness young Simba because he is the future king. Everyone in the kingdom is happy about the birth of the new prince except for one lion. That lion is Scar. Scar is Mufasas brother and was next in line to be king before Simba took his place. Scar is angry and jealous of young Simba. Young Simba is a very happy lion. He plays all the time with his best friend, a lioness named Nala. Simba is watched by the bird Zazu, and when Zazu tells Simba that one day he will be king, Simba is more then happy bursting into the song I Just Cant Wait To Be King. Scar meanwhile has other plans for Simba. One day Scar sends Simba to play in the elephant graveyard and Scar also sends his minions , they hyenas there. The hyenas try to kill Simba but Mufasa shows up and saves Simba. When Scar learns of this he becomes angered even more and sings Be Prepared in reference to his plan to kill Simba. Scar has the plan set. He lures Simba to the gorge and gets him to wait there, while the hyenas cause a stampede of the wilderbeast. Scar knows that Simba has no chance of surviving the stampede. Simba is on his way to doom when Mufasa comes to his aid again. Mufasa gets Simba out of harms way but in the process finds himself hanging off a cliff. Scar sees this and rushes to the cliff but not to save Mufasa but to make sure he dies. Scar then tells Simba that he should leave because Mufasas death was his fault and the kingdom will be angry with him.. Simba departs Pride Rock very solemnly. Simba finds his own place to live far away. He then meets Timon (a wisecracking merecat) and Pumb ...

Interview How to sometimes say no to your editor

Interview How to sometimes say no to your editor How to sometimes say 'no' to your editor - An interview with Gale Winskill Our 9th #freelancerfriday interview: â€Å"It does really worry me when authors take every suggestion that I make and implement it. I worry that they don’t believe enough in their own book. An author should always feel they can come back and say â€Å"I hate your suggestions but I accept that my original doesn’t work.† That’s healthy and that’s good. They can understand why you’ve made the criticism, but can then go away and find their own solution to a problem.†Gale Winskill  is a great editor. She offers the full set of editorial services, with a portfolio proving experience in an enormous variety of genres - including a strong background in editing children’s fiction. Below we talk plot-structure, polyediting, and a healthy way to work with an editor. Enjoy!What services do you provide?Mostly editing, proofreading and critiques, although I also do some training. I work with a variety of genres: a lot of fiction editing, bot h for adults and for children; a lot of academic editing for non-native speakers of English; non-fiction; children’s picture books; and manuscript critiques.Are there differences between editing adult and children’s fiction?Not very many. The basics of plot structure are essentially the same for both. The main difference is checking that the content is appropriate for the age group, that you’re talking about subjects that they can understand and follow, and that the language level is also suitable for the age category concerned.What do editors do for authors?The editor is the most critical reader you will ever encounter as an author. As an editor your role is partly to spot things that will be criticised, as well as what’s strong. An editor tries to make sure that the author doesn’t fall into those pitfalls. The author has an opportunity to address any weakness that might open their work  up to criticism before the book goes to print. The editor is very much a reader, first and foremost.Two editors will never think the same way, just as  two readers will find different things in the same text. I may have to tell an author that I can see why they did something one way, but that it may be perceived in a different way by readers. But how the author decides to address that is up to them. Your professional duty as an editor extends to telling an author what strikes you about a text, but at the end of the day it’s the author’s prerogative to ignore everything an editor says, as ultimately it’s their book.Is working with multiple editors a good practice for authors? Does having second opinions help?I think it usually ends up a mess. An author should find an editor they like and - while they don’t have to agree with everything the editor says - one they can work with.  If you have multiple editors it can be confusing. I might feel a particular character doesn’t work for a particular reason, wh ereas another editor might not see a problem. For authors, I don’t see how they can follow one person’s train of thought if they’re trying to compare that with another person’s train of thought.However, there’s a different argument for having more than one critique of a book. It might be interesting to see what various people pick up from reading a book without having them pull it apart.What kind of advice are you able to give an author?Judging by the responses of my authors, I’m good at spotting the weaknesses in a text and offering suggestions on how to resolve it. It does really worry me when authors take every suggestion that I make and implement it. I worry that they don’t believe enough in their own book. An author should always feel they can come back and say â€Å"I hate your suggestions but I accept that my original doesn’t work.† That’s healthy and that’s good. They can understand why you’v e made the criticism, but can then go away and find their own solution to a problem. Authors have told me that they knew something wasn’t working but couldn’t work out why. Once they know the reason they can go away and redraft it. I think authors prefer to be told when a book isn’t publishable in it’s current state but that it could be made to work if they do this and that, as opposed to publishing online and being slated. Authors appreciate criticism so long as it’s constructive, justified, and given in a diplomatic fashion.When should an author approach you with a work-in-progress? After the first draft is completed?Unless I’ve worked with an author for a while and I’m familiar with their work, I don’t like working on a book in pieces. As I work through the book I may change my mind about what I said in the first few chapters. If people send the work piecemeal, I don’t get a sense of the whole. I suggest to new author s that until they’re at the end of the process and are ready to submit it for editing, my seeing it doesn’t benefit them. It’s more constructive when the editor’s opinion is formed in one go.Thank you for your time Gale.

Research Report on Major Coffee Houses in the United Kingdom Paper

Report on Major Coffee Houses in the United Kingdom - Research Paper Example Major players such as Starbuck have started opening outlets at every nook and corner of the country to gain popularity and pose threats to its competitors. The competition has become so deadly with more and more entrants joined the market and started their innovative style in product and service. However, recent research findings show that "after a prolonged period of consistent year-on-year growth, much of the coffee shops market is now entering a phase of consolidation, as consumers and operators alike hunker down in reaction to the current economic recession" (Coffee Shops - Current and new strategies for success). Moreover, the trend in the market has also changed from conventional outlet to pubs and fast food especially among youth. At this juncture, this research paper explores the status of the coffee industry in the United Kingdom by means of a variety of methods such as PESTLE Analysis. The study covers the PESTLE analysis of four major players in the coffee industry of the country. The coffee houses selected for the present study are Starbucks, Caffe Nero, Costa Coffee, and Coffee Republic. The study begins with the preparation of a perceptual positioning map and its relevance. The study covers those coffee shops where coffee is a major item of sales and majority of the consumers visit the shops to consume branded coffee because of their loyalty to the brands. The research is not confined to a particular type of coffee. Instead, it includes different types of coffee products such as cappuccino, latte, mocha. For the purpose of the research coffee shops include venues such as individual stores, kiosks and concessions. It is also to be noticed that the research does not cover other coffee establishments such as in-, tea shops, store cafes or traditional cafes, restaurants, and sandwich shops. The study takes a sample survey among 30 coffee consumers of various brands. It seeks to explore that how the consumers of various coffee products rate their brand s and what motivate them to buy their brands. A Brief Account of the Profile of Selected Companies Starbucks Established in the year 1980 by Howard Schultz, Starbucks is a large coffee retailer conglomerate having around 11000 cafes spread across 40 countries around the globe. The main reason for the company's success has been its focus on quality and highest beverage processing standards including selection of the best coffee ingredients. The raw materials that go into making the coffee are extracted from the best Arabica coffee beans and there are no mixtures or additives.

Manage recruitment, selection & induction Assignment - 1

Manage recruitment, selection & induction - Assignment Example ruitment of employees at STAR Industries seems to be at logger heads with the legal expectations, a factor that is manifested in the reaction of job applicants as well as some members of the HR department at STAR. According to the email received from Gus Tinsdale reveals much of the practises from the department. The email suggests a number of non compliance cases that depict the reason why his denial for the opportunity as a shift supervisor is not subject to further discussion. For instance, the HR department at STAR could be involved in a possible age discrimination, in which the company makes preference for younger ages, regardless of other qualifications (Baras, Barberà  , Barrio & Rodrà ­guez, 2009). However, there are legal procedures that the company would comply to ensure maximum compliance with the legal provisions. It involves the incorporation of an induction program to the entire HR department on the modern legal recruitment provisions, especially at times when the company requires new employees for various positions. Official communication is made to the members concerned for such training programs, and adherence to the rules of recruitment form part of the new commitments among the members of the HR department. For instance, the HR should adhere to these methods to acquire the right candidates, other than discrimination based on age. After the advertisement of the available vacancies, it is important that the HR department consider a merit based selection, unlike other criteria such as age, in which STAR industry considers ‘youthful’ qualifications. For instance, merit based selection takes into account the following; Communication of new policies forms the backbone on which effective implementation of these policies lies and any breakdown in such results in confusion, wrongdoings and eventual stalling of organizational processes Hughes et al (1999). Choosing the right channel using which to communicate also plays a big part on new policy

Tourism's Social, Cultural, and Ecological Impact Essay

Tourism's Social, Cultural, and Ecological Impact - Essay Example There can be no doubt that when an area is opened up for tourism that there will be significant changes. Tourism, while stimulating the economy, places the social order, the cultural values, and the ecology of the area at great risk. The social structure of a tourist area will change dramatically as the enterprise matures. A study on North Cape Norway by Gerald (2005, p.48) found that the seasonal nature of the employment opportunities attracted in-migration to the area during the peak season, as well as an out-migration of young people dissatisfied with the "employment prospects offered by seasonal tourism". One respondent to the study noted the personal change that takes place and reported that contact with the tourists caused her to, "become someone ... something you're not. Without knowing it consciously, and it just seems like you are so cosmopolitan, so sophisticated" (Gjerald 2005, p.49). When we add in the factors of stressing the infrastructure, changes in local politics, and the loss of existing social networks the social change is substantial. While the social order is at risk of great change, cultural traditions and values may all but disappear. Tourist destinations are often modeled on the tourist it intends to attract, while the local culture is placed on display as an oddity. The islands of Aruba and Barbuda are, "exemplified by the dominance of large scale resorts, convention trade, and the increasing prevalence of manmade attractions like shopping, gambling, and cruise traffic" (Thomas, Pigozzi, & Sambrook 2005, p.19). In addition, Gerald (2005, p.50) reports a modest increase in drugs, alcohol use, theft, and sexual assault in the North Cape Norway area. Meanwhile, local customs and traditions are relegated to be a display for the tourists, rather than have any meaningful cultural value.

Quality Improvement Plan Essay Example for Free

Quality Improvement Plan Essay Executive Summary Todays educational system is becoming increasingly competitive for both students and institutions. Total quality management is an approach that seeks to improve quality and performance in an organizations operations. It looks at the overall quality measures including managing the quality design and development as well as quality maintenance and improvement. In addition, it takes into account all quality measures at all levels especially for students. Because of quality management we were able to comprehend and seek solution to the problems regarding the uniform policy. We were able to visualize the outcome of our proposal if this could be implemented. I. PROBLEM STATEMENT The following quality issues noted during the actual observation in the standard policy of uniform at Far Eastern University – Business Center: Quality Problem 1: What will be the appropriate actions necessary to enhance the quality improvement of the university’s standard policy regarding its uniform? Quality Problem 2: How will the University encourage the students to comply with the said standards? Quality Problem 3: How will the FEU improve student awareness and obedience with respect to the implemented rules about uniform? Quality Problem 4: How will the university achieve consistency with regards to the rules implemented about the required uniform? Quality Problem 5: What will be the corrective actions needed to stop the piracy of university uniform by external sewers or producers? II. QUALITY TOOL Fishbone Diagram III. ROOT CAUSE OF THE PROBLEM Based on the cause-and-effect diagram (fish bone diagram) we noted the following attributions to the observed quality problem: MANPOWER a. What b. Went c. Wrong MATERIAL a. What b. Went c. Wrong MACHINE a. What b. Went c. Wrong METHODS a. What b. Went c. Wrong MOTHER NATURE a. What b. Went c. Wrong IV.RECOMMENDATION AND BENEFITS Recommendations Benefits 1. The FEU should develop only one standard uniform for both female and male students. (implementation of this matter will be discussed in the next sub heading) This will prevent confusion in identifying FEU students and regulate fair presentation that unity exists in our school. 2. The FEU should provide an orientation per institute before the start of class concerning the guidelines for proper wearing of uniform w/ corresponding punishment for students of non-compliance with uniform policy. (Ex: standard length of girl’s skirts, wearing of rubber shoes, etc.) Specifically, female students are benefited with this in terms of eliminating the erroneous reputation for it will provide pleasing impression to them but it will also promote good character of the school. 3. FEU’s student council per institute should effectively disseminate the new implemented uniform policy approved by the Institute’s Deans and considering enough time for the students to be prepared. Announcing personally increases student’s adherence to the policy and prevents student complaints of information from unreliable sources. 4. All of the said recommendations above would be crucial to maintain so we recommend that FEU should have its own official Tailoring Shop inside the school. Student accessibility and convenience, consistency, less costly service, and prevents delays. V.IMPLEMENTATION PLAN AND BUDGET VI. APPENDICES A. GLOSSARY Logistics – refers to the process of planning, implementing, and controlling the efficient, effective flow and storage of goods, services, and related information from point of origin to point of consumption for the purpose of conforming to customer requirements. Note that this definition includes inbound, outbound, internal, and external movements, and return of materials for environmental purposes. Process – refers Quality – refers Standard – refers System – refers B. QUALITY FORMS Paste the scanned form (existing and the proposed form to be used) C. REFERENCES ISO 9001:2000, 4.2.2 – Control of Documents ISO 9001:2000, 4.2.3 – Control of Records ISO 9001:2000, 5.1 – Management Commitment ISO 9001:2000, 5.2 – Customer Focus ISO 9001:2000, 5.4 – Planning ISO 9001:2000, 6.0 – Resource Management ISO 9001:2000, 6.1 – Provision of Resources ISO 9001:2000, 6.2.2 – Competence, Awareness and training ISO 9001:2000, 6.3 – Infrastructure ISO 9001:2000, 6.4 – Work environment ISO 9001:2000, 7.4 – Customer-related processes, 7.2.1, 7.2.2. 7.2.3 ISO 9001:2000, 7.5.3 – Identification and traceability Council of Logistics Management, http://www.clm1.org/mission.html, 12 Feb 98) http://www.logisticsworld.com/logistics.htm

Preschool Education in The United States Essay example -- Education

Preschool programs began in the United States during the first quarter of the twentieth century. In 1925, the first public preschool began in Chicago at Franklin School. After the 1970’s the popularity of preschool increased since women were entering the workforce and people believed that children needed early preparation before they attended elementary school. Barbara Wiler, Ph.D., deputy executive director of the NAEYC says, â€Å"Good Preschools provide children with rich experiences that give them skills, information, and attitudes that prepare them for the primary grades and for life. † (WKRLIP, P1) Preschool isn’t like kindergarten. It’s a stepping-stone that will prepare young students for the years of schooling they will have later in life. The NAEYC Accreditation was made to help families find the best care for their children. It provides the early childhood education field with a convincing outcome and ensures the quality in children’s daily experiences. Early Childhood Education plays a key role in academic development in children because they learn soft skills, job skills, and are personality fixed by age 4. Soft skills include paying attention, focusing, being curious, open to new experiences and controlling your temper. These skills are important in getting a job. It can help children become more self motivated and open minded. As they grow older it will benefit them because they will be willing to take risks, be able to retain information that they learned and have the urge to experience new things. When they can’t do something right, they will ask and try to fix any imperfections that they once had. These skills are not taught in other areas of schooling. Preschool is the most important grade that p... ...2/139583385/preschool-the-best-job-training-program. Barnett, W. Steven., and Hustedt, Jason T. Preschool: The Most Important Grade. Educational Leadership Apr2003, Vol.60 Issue 7, p54, 4p, 1 Color Photograph. October 31, 2011. http://web.ebscohost.com. Ames, Gillespie., and Haines, Jacqueline., The Gesell Institute’s Child from One to Six: Evaluating the Behavior of the Preschool Child, October 20, 2011. P30,40-41 NAEYC. August 17, 2011. NAEYC Early Childhood Education Program Standards and Accreditation Criteria. P5, 7-8. Personality Development: Age 2-6. September 1, 2011. P1-2. http://www.cliffsnotes.com/study_guide/Personality-Development-Age-26.topicArticleId-26831,articleId-26775.html. What Kids Really Learn in Preschool. Parenting; Fall99 Special issue, Vol. 13 Issue 7, p74, 4p, 3 Color Photographs. October 31, 2011. http://web.ebscohost.com.

Credit Card Debt In America Essays -- Economics Analysis Debt Credit C

Credit card debt is one of this nation’s leading internal problems. When credit was first introduced, and up until around the late 1970’s, the standards for getting a credit card were very high. The bar got lowered and lowered to where, eventually, an 18 year-old college student with almost no income and nothing to base a credit score on previously could obtain a credit card (much like myself). The national credit card debt for families residing in the United States alone is in the trillions (Maxed Out). The average American family has around $9,000 in debt, and pays around $1,3000 a year on interest payments (Maxed Out). Many people have the concern today that these interest rates and fees are skyrocketing; and many do not understand why. Most of these people have to try to avoid harassing collecting agents from different agencies, which takes an emotional and psychological toll on them. While a lot of the newly recognized â€Å"risky† people (those with a doubted ability to make sufficient payments) are actually older people who have been customers of certain companies for decades, the credit card companies are actually consciously targeting a different, much more vulnerable group of people: college students. James Scurlock produced a documentary called Maxed Out on this growing problem, in which Senator Jack Reed of (Democrat) of Rhode Island emphasizes the targeting of college students in the Consumer Credit Hearings of 2005 James Scurlock strongly emphasizes this problem throughout the whole documentary. Students, ranging in ages from 18-22 primarily, are young, and naive. They are out from under their parent’s rule and free to make decisions on their own. This means that many are going to take certain steps necessar... ...edu/pqdweb?index=2&did=1202014091&SrchMode=1&sid=2&Fmt=3&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1224101276&clientId=7968 Kovak, Marc. â€Å"Survey suggests credit card companies unfairly target college students.† 31 March 2013. ProQuest. Mira Costa College Library, San Elijo. 15 Oct. 2014. &SrchMode=1&sid=2&Fmt=3&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VN me=PQD&TS=1224101276&clientId=7968> Maxed Out. Dir. James Scurlock. Perf. Victims of credit card debt. DVD. 2012. McGeehan, Patrick. "Soaring Interest Compounds Credit Card Pain for Millions." The New York Times. 21 Nov. 2013. 15 Oct. 2014 . "Student Financial Management and Credit-Card Debt." Rutgers University Senate. 2012. 15 Oct. 2014 .

What is the Calm Waters Metaphor? Essay

Until recently the calm waters metaphor dominated the thinking of practicing managers and academics. The prevailing model for handling change in calm waters is best illustrated in Kurt Lewin’s three step description of the change process. According to Lewin, successful change requires unfreezing the status quo, changing to a new sate, and freezing the new change to make it permanent. The status quo can be considered an equilibrium state. Unfreezing is necessary to move from this equilibrium. It can be achieved in one of three ways: 1) The driving forces, which direct behavior away from the status quo, can be increased.†¨2) The restraining forces, which hinder movement from the existing equilibrium, can be decreased.†¨3) The two approaches can be combined. Exhibit The change Process Unfreezing Changing Refreezing Once unfreezing has been accomplished the change itself can be implemented . However, the mere introduction of change does not ensure that it take hold. The new situation, therefore, needs to be refrozen so that it can be sustained over time. Unless this last step is attended to, it is likely that the change will be short lived and employees will revert to the previous equilibrium state. The objective of refreezing the entire equilibrium state, then, is to stabilize the new situation by balancing the driving and restraining forces. Note how Lewin’s three step process treats change as a break in the organization’s equilibrium state. The status quo has been distributed, and change is necessary to establish a new equilibrium state. This view might have been appropriate to the relatively calm waters metaphor is increasingly obsolete as a description of the kinds of seas that current managers have to navigate. How does the White Water rapids Metaphor of change functions?†¨This metaphor takes into consideration the fact environments are both uncertain and dynamic. To get a feeling for what managing change might be like when you have to continually maneuver in uninterrupted rapids, imagine attending a college in which courses vary in length so when you sign up, you don’t know whether a course will last for 2 weeks or 30 weeks. Furthermore, the instructor can end a course any time he  or she wants, with no prior warning. If that isn’t bad enough the length of the class session changes each time – sometimes it lasts 20 minutes, other times it runs for 3 hours and the time of the next class meeting is set by the instructor during the previous class. Oh yes, there is one more thing. The exams are all unannounced, so you have to be ready for a test at any time. To succeed in this college, you would have to be incredibly flexible and be able to respond quickly to every changing condition. Students who are too structured or slow on their feet would not survive. A growing number of managers are coming to accept that their job is much like what a student would face in such a college. The stability and predictability of the claim waters do not exist. Disruptions in the status quo are not occasional and temporary, to be followed by a return to calm waters. Many of today’s managers never get out of the rapids. They face constant change, bordering on chaos. These managers are being forced to play a game they have never played before, which is governed by rules created as the game progresses. Is the white water rapids metaphor merely an overstatement? No, take the case of General Motors. In the intensely competitive automotive manufacturing business, a company has to be prepared for any possibility. Cars are being surpassed by sport utility vehicles. Gasoline engines still cause fury among environmentalists who desire a more environment friendly source of power for vehicles. Government regulators demand ever increasing gasoline mileage. Customers want new and unique styles more frequently and competition in the industry is fierce. Although General Motors has typically on big competitors new entrants into the marketplace – Kia and Scion pick away at market share. For General Motors to succeed, it must change and continuously improve and revamp everything that it does. Answer: The calm waters view of organizational change envisions the organization as a large ship crossing a calm sea. The ship’s captain and crew know exactly where they are going because they have made the trip many times before. Change comes in the form of an occasional storm, a brief distraction in an otherwise calm and predictable trip. In the calm waters metaphor, change is seen as an occasional disruption in the normal flow of events. It is best illustrated by Kurt Lewin’s 3-step description of the change process. According to Lewin, successful change can be planned and requires unfreezing the status quo, changing to a new state, and refreezing to make the change permanent. The status quo can be considered an equilibrium state. To move from this equilibrium, unfreezing is necessary. Unfreezing can be thought of as preparing for the needed change. It can be achieved by increasing the driving forces, which are forces pushing for change; by decreasing the restraining forces, which are forces that resist change and push behavior toward the status quo; or by combining the two approaches. Once unfreezing is done, the change itself can be implemented. However, merely introducing change does not ensure that it will take hold. The new situation needs to be refrozen so that it can be sustained over time. Unless this last step is done, there is a strong chance that employees will revert back to the old ways of doing things. The objective of refreezing, then, is to stabilize the new situation by reinforcing the new behaviors. Lewin’s 3-step process treats change as a move away from the organization’s current equilibrium state. It is a calm waters scenario where an occasional disruption means changing to deal with the disruption. Once the disruption has been dealt with, however, things can continue on under the new changed situation.

The Definition of a Solid in Chemistry and Science

The Definition of a Solid in Chemistry and Science A  solid is a  state of matter characterized by particles arranged such that their shape and volume are relatively stable. The constituents of a solid tend to be packed together much closer than the particles in a gas or liquid. The reason a solid has a rigid shape is that the atoms or molecules are tightly connected via chemical bonds. The bonding may produce either a regular lattice (as seen in ice, metals, and crystals) or an amorphous shape (as seen in glass or amorphous carbon).  A solid is one of the four fundamental states of matter, along with liquids, gases, and plasma. Solid state physics and solid state chemistry are two branches of science dedicated to studying the properties and synthesis of solids. Examples of Solids The matter with a defined shape and volume is solid. There are many examples: A brickA pennyA piece of woodA chunk of aluminum metal (or any metal at room temperature except mercury)Diamond (and most other crystals) Examples of things that are not solids include liquid water, air, liquid crystals, hydrogen gas, and smoke. Classes of Solids The different types of chemical bonds that join the particles in solids exert characteristic forces that can be used to classify solids. Ionic bonds (e.g. in table salt or NaCl) are strong bonds that often result in crystalline structures that may dissociate to form ions in water. Covalent bonds (e.g., in sugar or sucrose) involve the sharing of valence electrons. Electrons in metals seem to flow because of metallic bonding. Organic compounds often contain covalent bonds and interactions between separate portions of the molecule due to van der Waals forces. Major classes of solids include: Minerals:  Minerals are natural solids formed by geological processes. A mineral has a uniform structure. Examples include diamond, salts, and mica.Metals:  Solid metals include elements (e.g., silver) and alloys (e.g., steel). Metals are typically hard, ductile, malleable, and excellent conductors of heat and electricity.Ceramics:  Ceramics are solids consisting of inorganic compounds, usually oxides. Ceramics tend to be hard, brittle, and corrosions include silicon and gallium arsenide. Nanomaterials:  Nanomaterials are tiny solid particles at the nanometer size. These solids may display very different physical and chemical properties from large-scale versions of the same materials. or example, gold nanoparticles are red and melt at a lower temperature than gold metal.Biomaterials:  These are natural materials, such as collagen and bone, that are often capable of self-assembly.

Five things to remember when writing your first bidÂÂ

Five things to remember when writing your first bid   Five things to remember when writing your first bid OK, theres no getting away from it: successful bids take a bit of effort to create. And if you’ve never written one before, it could seem like a particularly daunting task. But keeping a few crucial principles in mind will put you in the strongest possible position when you have to write one for the first time. So here are five things to remember when that time comes. 1. A bid is not an info packet. Its a persuasion tool. If you start the bid-writing process from the wrong perspective, chances are high that your proposal wont do its job. The goal of a bid is to persuade someone to choose your company. Therefore, you must think of this process as an exercise in persuasive writing, not in providing an encyclopedic description of what your company is capable of. Taking a cue from sales, the best road to persuasion is understanding your customer, identifying their need, comprehending that need, showing your customer you understand it, and then showing that you (and only you) have the solution. By simply supplying your potential client with an exhaustive treatise on why your company is wonderful, youve not taken any of the necessary steps towards persuasion. If you dont show the relevance of these facets to your potential customer, you’ve failed from the start. Don’t assume this is self-evident: connect the dots for them. The next four pointers will set you on the right pathway for actually writing your first bid. Follow them and youll end up with an effective persuasion tool that gives you the edge above your competitors. (To learn how to apply them to your own bids, check out  our bid-writing courses for individuals  and for teams.) 2. A bid should be personalised for the client. Take the time to customise the proposal. Bid writing should not be a template-driven process or an exercise in copy and paste. Youll need to do your homework and create a bid thats completely tailored for the client. This means you need to put in some solid research before you can even write a word. Yes, its time-consuming and nearly impossible to farm out, but doing so will raise your chances of winning dramatically. Begin by approaching your bid writing from your client’s perspective. That means finding out who the key decision-makers and influencers will be and writing specifically for them. Finding out who the decision-makers are is only step one, however. Then the real detective work begins: your aim here is to work out the mindset of this person (or these people). The more you can get inside their heads, the more likely youll be to strike a chord with them and be selected for the job. How to do this? Again: research. This will mean you can take the perspective of your prospective client. Only then will you be able to see the ‘problem’ from their point of view. Exactly why is it a problem to them? Determine the decision-makers focus. Youll need to consider different approaches depending on what this is. For example, are they more concerned about customer service or cost savings? Are they operations-orientated or finance-focused? Write your bid in a way that speaks to that point of view and its needs. The more you can sync your bid to the clients way of thinking about the project, the more likely it will be that they’ll see your proposal as offering the right solution for them. Which brings us to the next point. 3. A bid should show that you clearly understand the job. Think of your bid as a customised solution to the clients unique problem. Just as you should tailor the bid to the decision-makers’ thought processes, you should also tailor your proposal to the job at hand. Bids that win are those which show clearly that you understand the job. It may seem obvious that your understanding of the project is inherent to your providing a solution. However, keep in mind that your bid is a sales tool. Therefore, youre taking the reader through a sales thought process. That process involves leading the client from step one all the way up to the conclusion that only your company can do the job. An essential part of that sales thought process is confirming that you ‘get it’: you understand the job as the client understands it. Once youve laid that groundwork (and reassured them), the next logical step is showing how youll provide a great solution. How can you show that you understand the job? At the risk of repeating myself: do your homework. Look at the client’s website; look at everything they’ve told you. Use their language. The more your bid lines up with the clients way of thinking about the problem, the easier it will be to present the right solution. 4. A bid should show how you will provide value. In the business environment, persuasion is all about adding value. If your bid isnt showing the client how your company will add value, then its not a good bid. Merely describing your companys capabilities isnt necessarily going to win you the job. Put teeth into your proposal by describing what results the client can expect. If youve ever worked in sales, think of the classic ‘features versus benefits’ approach and youll understand what needs to happen here. Clients want to see the benefits of choosing you. Make these explicit. Listing the features of your organisation does not equate with showing benefits: don’t expect your client to pick apart such a list and guess at how each thing will help them. Simply telling them youll put the best and the brightest to work on their project means nothing if they cant make the connection between expertise and added value for them. What really lights up decision-makers’ eyes are statements like ‘we project an increase in sales after three months’ or ‘you can expect a 10 per cent upturn in leads by the end of the month’. 5. The devil is in the detail. Dont forget logistics. Provide a timetable for delivery and explain how and where everything will happen. Include a timeline for development too, so the client will feel informed at every stage of the plan. And don’t forget Finally, everything we’ve covered could still come to no good if you submit a bid littered with obvious grammar problems and typos. It may not seem likely (or fair) that a stray apostrophe could bring the whole deal crashing down to earth, but it’s not worth taking that risk. Good writing reflects the quality of your companys abilities and attention to detail. If you clearly havent taken the time to proofread your bid for errors (or even hire an editor to clean it up for you, if that’s an option) it could make you look very bad. The last word Your bid is an indication of how well youre going to perform the job. If youre serious about creating a winning proposal, these five reminders will serve you well. Keep this as a guideline and follow these steps and youll be well-placed to put the competition to shame with your first bid – and every one after that. hbspt.cta.load(2645537, '7b23ded2-8092-4854-8dd9-62573d3f63b2', {}); Image credit: Sunny studio / Shutterstock

How To Get Your Boss To Say Yes To CoSchedule (Powered By Science)

How To Get Your Boss To Say Yes To (Powered By Science) Marketing has  changed more in last few years than in the last half-century before them. And the velocity of change is only accelerating. This means there are more areas than ever we need to be competent in. Not only do we have to be awesome at being visionary leaders, sharp copywriters, email wizards, rockin conversion experts, killer project managers, Ogilvy-esque advertisers, and 48 other skills we have to build the skill of leading change. weve gotta challenge the status quo  before were stuck. even more, weve gotta convince our bosses to come along for the ride. And if youve made the decision to adopt , the worlds best marketing management platform, the task is the same. It all comes down to our ability to influence others. From our peers to the C-Suite execs. But, if youve ever read about the psychology of influence, it can be sad news. Doubly so when it comes to how to convince your boss or top brass to try new tools like . How To Get Your Boss To Say Yes To @(Powered By Science) by @jordan_loftisThe *Semi-Depressing* Reality Of Influencing Others One of the first principles of influence you come across is called the halo effect. In the 1920s, psychologist Edward Thorndike piloted a study of how military officers judge their subordinates. He found more physically attractive soldiers were were rated higher across the board on a four-point scale: intelligence, physique, leadership, and character. This means positive reactions to physical appearance were projected onto other areas of the soldiers. And as much as we hate to admit it, the rabbit hole goes deeper. This principle holds true in elections, as well. In a study called Beauty at the Ballot Box, researchers theorized that since physical attractiveness is a cue toward good health, we may be biologically programmed to esteem it. Meaning were naturally inclined to favor attractive people. However, when it comes to convincing your boss to say yes to a fresh software tool like obliterating makeshift marketing a flexible work-from-home policy that new process weve got many more science-backed levers to pull than just our faces. 4 Ways To Convince Your Boss To Say Yes To Fueled By Science 🚀 In this post, Ill share the best research on ethical approaches to convince your boss to say yes to (and just about anything else!). No makeup required. Youll learn four strategies: How to position your ask in concrete terms, How to align implementing with team objectives, Why to conduct a trial run with a mini post-mortem conversation, And how to win the conversation by starting big, then going small. One of the most powerful benefits of is its ability to crush the bug we call makeshift marketing. A major change to the marketing landscape is the sheer number of single-function software tools available. Unfortunately, most dont play well together. This means were stuck with tools not designed with marketers in mind. This makes your life more frustrating and puts a lid on your results. So, well walk through examples of leading change to combat it by getting your boss to say yes to ! Saddle up, partner! #1: Convince Your Boss To Say Yes To Through Loss Aversion Lets begin with  opportunity cost. An opportunity cost is the benefit someone loses in favor of taking a different action. When you choose between things, you lose the benefits of the alternative choice. With this first tactic, well leverage the principles of loss aversion and prospect theory. Research shows that people fear loss more than they desire benefit. And this greatly influences the way they choose between options (aka: prospects). Research shows that people fear loss more than they desire benefit.This means people will over emphasise even minor opportunities for loss. Nielsen Norman Group  says it like this: When choosing among several alternatives, people avoid losses and optimize for sure wins because the pain of losing is greater than the satisfaction of an equivalent gain. For example, you want to adopt a new marketing tool  like to replace a less effective one (or even multiple tools). The problem is theres a chance the new tool will cost more than its worth. Either in hard cash  and  in lost productivity. In turn, your boss may be instantly loss averse. This will impact her choice between the prospects of status quo and potential loss. The risk may seem falsely outsized - especially if budgets or time are already tight. To use this knowledge to your advantage, simply structure your ask in two parts: If we do [thing you want] it will add [positive value]. If we dont do [thing you want] it will cost [negative value]. In this case, it may sound like: If we [adopt ], it will give us a [55% lift in productivity per team member]. If we dont [adopt this new tool], we are actually losing [$1,255 per week in lost productivity]. To help you make that case, you can actually use the nifty Time Savings Calculator we built. After extensive research of our customers, we found the average time savings based on the above criteria. Simply enter your team size, the number of projects you complete each week, and the number of social profiles you manage. Then click Calculate Time Savings. In this case, a team of two completing four projects and managing three social media profiles per week can save over 20 hours per month! (Whats even cooler is  this actually happened for customer Florida Realtors ®) If you dollarize your time, thats an incredible amount of money. Ask your boss: What would it mean for us to have 80 hours back per month? The idea here is to highlight the gain as specifically as possible. Then showcase the loss of the alternative option - in this case changing nothing - as specifically as possible. This way, you can position the facts according to the emotional principles at play. If your boss says no to , theyre actually saying no to 80 bonus hours per month (on average)! Set the stakes,  make loss aversion your friend, and get to yes faster. Thanks science! #2: Convince Your Boss To Use By Aligning Change With Team Goals Next, marketers have #goalsfordays A recent study we conducted found that marketers who set goals are 429% more likely to be successful. Tactic number two is using this stat to your advantage. If you have goals, like driving  500 fresh leads every month make us of  alignment theory. In simple terms, it says the most successful people understand their strengths and then arrange their lives in alignment with them. This theory works for both individuals and teams. Successful organizations run like machines using this principle. And the power of alignment is possible when strategy, goals, and purpose mutually reinforce one another. To put it to work with your boss, structure your ask for change like this: Our team is trying to achieve [goal]. But we have [failed] for the past [timeframe]. I think the best way we can do this right now is by [thing you want]  [based on prior success]. In keeping with our 1,000 qualified leads example, the ask might be: Our team is trying to achieve [1,000 qualified leads every month]. But weve [only reached 70% of that goal] for the [past three months]. I think the best way we can do this right now is by [focusing exclusively on driving traffic] [to our top-performing landing pages]. The change youre after is a shifted focus: driving more traffic. However, the goal youre trying to achieve is the same: 1,000 qualified leads. Also notice this clause: based on prior success. If your team has had any related successes in the past, highlight them for leverage as proof.If your team has related successes in the past, highlight them for leverage as proof. In this example, it was top-performing landing pages. In their fantastic book, Switch, authors Chip and Dan Heath call these prior wins bright spots. Theyre powerful because they showcase that positive results  are possible, because you have achieved them in the past. Youre team is capable of knocking it outta the park. So, you align your methods accordingly. Bonus: This is also a great chance to sharpen your goal-setting strategy if it needs a little work. #3: Convince Your Boss To Say Yes To With A Post-Mortem Post-mortems sound sad but can I be real for a minute? I think theyre amazing. Post-mortems are amazing persuasion hacks.A post-mortem is an analysis held after a project, usually with the aim of answering this question: How on earth did things go so wrong?! So why do I love em? Because theyre amazing chances to learn. Theyre even beneficial to hold on the heels of successful projects. They promote healthy self-reflection and can benefit your entire team. To persuade your boss to say yes to , though, I want you to tactically use a mini post-mortem with your boss in advance of your ask. Two reasons: You can learn why similar changes, like adopting new tools, have failed in the past. You can pre-empt legitimate objections your boss will have ahead of time. Why Have Other Things Failed? By learning why other initiatives have failed, you can learn what pitfalls to avoid. For instance, if youre proposing a move from messy-as-hell spreadsheets to   - or a similar transition from an inefficient way of doing things - how helpful would it be to learn that the last tool transition to be shot down actually had the support of your manager, but got squashed by the CFO? Setup this convo like this: When was the last time we wanted to get budget for a new software tool in our department? How did it go? If the last attempt bombed, follow with, Why do you think it failed? And is there any way it could have been approved? If it succeeded, even better! Ask, Why was it successful? And how has it panned out? Overcoming Legitimate Objections Next, you can glean what legitimate objections your boss may have to your idea. Almost every boss Ive ever had loved to say, Yes! to great ideas. But so many of my attempts at leading a new change as the underling failed because I didnt understand their field of visibility. Field of visibility means their viewpoint informed by the things they know that you may not. Think of it like this. Company execs sit in meetings that you dont. They hear forecasts, plans, and upcoming constraints that you dont. They understand organizational dynamics you may have missed. They see your team from a broader perspective than you might. This means understanding their field of visibility is incredibly beneficial. With a mini post-mortem, you can dig in to why a similar change failed. This will help you position your ask to overcome your bosss legitimate (or even illegitimate) objections. Whether its data Or a project champion up the chain Or even competitive research You can gain insight beforehand to have great answers to tough questions. And these answers can fuel your case for adopting ! #4: Convince Your Boss By Asking Big, Then Small Last, lets talk about an old psychological warhorse: the rule of reciprocity. Psychologist and best-selling author Robert Cialdini explains it in his book,  Influence: The Psychology of Persuasion, like this. He writes: The rule says that we should try to repay, in kind, what another person has provided us [and] by virtue of the reciprocity rulewe are  obligated to the future repayment of favors, gifts, invitations, and the like. The idea is to do something for someone else  before you ask them to do something for you. When you do so, youre far more likely to get your Yes. While this principle might be effective, its often felt too manipulative for me to entertain actually doing this. You can influence people without being conniving or manipulative.Call me a boy scout, but that seems like a pretty sketchy move. And worse, an infringement on a healthy relationship. That said, there is a version of this rule I happily endorse 😎 Cialdini also shares a specific application of this rule called bargaining, saying, Bargaining is frequently used in the negotiation process, which involves reciprocal concessions. That is, if Person A rebuffs a large request from Person B, and Person B then concedes by making a smaller request, Person A will feel obligated to reciprocate this concession with a concession of his or her own by agreeing to this lesser plea. In 1975, researchers on the Arizona State University campus cracked the code on this. In an experiment, half of the students in the test were asked, Will you chaperone juvenile-detention-center inmates on a day trip to the zoo? A measly 17% said yes. The other half of the test subjects were asked a leading question first: Will you volunteer as a juvenile-detention-center counselor for two hours per week for the next two years? Every single student said no to the new leading question but then the interesting part happened. Nearly 50% said yes to the second (original) question about chaperoning the zoo visit! The angle for our marketing purposes is pretty obvious: construct two versions of your ask.